Subject: Re: Crypto question: Who pays?
The miners pay the costs for mining and are rewarded in bitcoins.

https://www.nerdwallet.com/art... :

Bitcoin mining is a process by which computers can generate new Bitcoins by doing work that validates transactions and keeps the network secure.

The current Bitcoin mining reward is 3.125 BTC per block, and it shrinks by half roughly every four years.

The hardware and electricity costs required to make real money from Bitcoin mining are substantial.